facebook
favorite button
member since icon
Since October 2019
Instructor since October 2019
Media and Cultural Studies, Social Studies, Professional Studies
course price icon
From 35.21 $ /h
arrow icon
This course has been designed to give those wishing to do A Level or equivalent in a social science subject either a head start in the basics, or help along the way. We will look at subjects appropriate to your studies through the eyes of ‘the world, the text, and the reader’.
Extra information
Any relevant class/course materials will need to be emailed to me at least 24 hours in advance, so I can be prepared and you get the most out of your hour with me.
Location
location type icon
Online from United Kingdom
Age
Teenagers (13-17 years old)
Adults (18-64 years old)
Student level
Beginner
Intermediate
Duration
60 minutes
The class is taught in
English
Availability of a typical week
(GMT -05:00)
New York
at teacher icon
Online via webcam
Mon
Tue
Wed
Thu
Fri
Sat
Sun
00-04
04-08
08-12
12-16
16-20
20-24
Similar classes
arrow icon previousarrow icon next
verified badge
Konnichiwa!こ ん に ち は!

Are you going to Japan? Do you like Mangas? The culture and the Japanese language attract you but you never dared to start?
On the contrary, you already have a good foundation and want to take the JLPT exam? Or maybe you have to speak Japanese at work?

My courses are adaptable according to your level and your objectives:
- Discovery of culture and language (great beginners and false beginners)
- Improvement to prepare JLPT 1-5 exams
- Professional needs

We can work writing and speaking, with a method (Japan Foundation) or any other desired medium.

Whatever your motivation and level, Maki Sensei is here to help! (^ O ^)
verified badge
Hello future students!! I'm Emiko. Below is a bit about myself;
- passed the Japanese language teaching competency test in 2003.
- have a master's degree in Japanese linguistics.
- have been teaching Japanese since 2005.
- experience in teaching:
- class lesson with over 20 students
- small group lesson
- private lesson
- all levels from beginner to advanced
- well-balanced all 4 skills lesson
- conversation lesson
- JLPT- preparatory(N5-N1) lesson

I love teaching Japanese and I also love to see people making progress.
I think the key to success in learning language is:
Step 1: clarify your purpose
Step 2: set achievable goal one by one
Step 3: continue studying
My job is to support you.

Please share your needs, goal, purpose or interests and I will plan lessons only for you. I do my best to make our lessons effective and meaningful!
verified badge
What are your goals?
Let's work together hand in hand to achieve them!

In my lessons...

📕🇯🇵 “Is textbook Japanese different from real Japanese?”
Sometimes it is! The textbook phrase “つまらないものですが” (“It's nothing special, but...”) is now outdated. Instead, ‘気に入ってくれるとうれしいです’ (“I'd be happy if you like it”) sounds more natural and leaves a better impression ☺️ You'll enjoy learning this kind of “real Japanese.”
🇯🇵🗾 How do you say “How are you?” in Japanese?
What should you say for casual greetings?
I'll gently explain cultural backgrounds and how to read emotions, making Japanese communication more enjoyable and understandable.
3 Create natural sentences with fun topics!
“Conjunctions are tough...” “Is this phrasing correct?”
When you feel that way, let's create sentences using fun themes!
“My Favorite Things” or “My Dreams”
With unique practice like this, you'll naturally pick up Japanese expressions.
4 Your Personal Feedback Notebook
During lessons, I'll correct the words you speak into natural, correct Japanese and write them in your notebook. Hiragana included if needed. Reading them aloud after lessons ensures you truly master usable Japanese.
I specialize in lessons that are “gentle, polite, fun, and bright.” Students often tell me, “I feel more confident!” and “I enjoy speaking now!” Let's level up your Japanese together using a learning style that suits you!
verified badge
🇫🇷 Speak French with Confidence — Travel | Business | Exams | Conversation 🇫🇷
✨ Do you want to learn French in a way that's fun, practical and focused on real communication? This is your place!
✨ I'm a qualified and experienced French teacher who will guide you step by step to speak confidently — whether you're preparing for a trip, an exam or just want to express yourself more fluently.

👋🏼 My name is Nouhaila, and I've helped many students unlock their potential in French with a communicative, positive and personalized approach.
💬 My lessons are all about real-life speaking — from day one, you'll be using the language naturally.

🧭 Choose your focus:
✈️ French for Travel
→ Learn to survive and thrive in any French-speaking country.
→ Practical phrases, cultural insights and listening skills.
→ Travel without fear — speak with ease!

💼 French for Business
→ Improve your professional communication in French.
→ Specialized vocabulary for meetings, presentations and emails.
→ Present yourself clearly and professionally.

🎓 Exam Preparation (DELF, DALF, IB...)
→ Targeted lessons to increase your score.
→ Practice tests, strategies and personalized feedback.
→ Reduce exam stress and feel prepared.

💬 Conversation Boost
→ Speak more confidently through engaging conversation topics.
→ Culture, daily life, news, travel, opinions — you choose!
→ Get live corrections and tips to sound more natural.

📚 Also available: General French (A1–C2)
Structured grammar and vocabulary combined with real communication in each lesson.

🎁 BONUS
The moment you book your first session, you'll get instant access to a private classroom filled with learning resources:
interactive tools, vocabulary lists, grammar tips, exercises, and fun extras to help you progress at your own pace.

✨ Let's make your French journey exciting, smooth and truly effective!

🇫🇷 Speak French with confidence! — Travel | Business | Exams | Conversation 🇫🇷
✨ Would you like to learn French in a practical, fun way that focuses on real communication? You've come to the right place!
✨ I'm an experienced and trained French teacher, here to help you express yourself fluently, whether you're traveling, working, or taking an exam.

👋🏼 My name is Nouhaila, and I have helped many students improve their French level thanks to a communicative, positive, and personalized approach.
💬 My classes start with speaking from day one — you'll learn to use the language naturally and effectively.

🧭 Choose your goal:
✈️ French for traveling
→ Learn useful phrases, everyday expressions, and cultural tips.
→ Get ready to enjoy your travels without language barriers.
→ Speak fluently and confidently anywhere in the French-speaking world!

💼 Business French
→ Improve your professional communication in French.
→ Specific vocabulary for meetings, presentations and emails.
→ Gain confidence and professional projection in international environments.

🎓 Exam preparation (DELF, DALF, IB...)
→ Classes focused on the exam content.
→ Strategies, drills, corrections and individual support.
→ Reduce stress and approach the exam with confidence.

💬 Conversation classes
→ Sessions focused on speaking fluently and naturally.
→ Topics like culture, current events, travel, opinions, society... you choose!
→ Live corrections and tips to sound more authentic.

📚 Also available: General French (levels A1–C2)
Structured lessons with grammar, vocabulary, and lots of communication practice.

🎁 SPECIAL BONUS
As soon as you book your first class, you'll have immediate access to a private classroom with all the resources you need:
Interactive tools, vocabulary lists, grammar explanations, exercises, and fun extras to help you progress at your own pace.

✨ Make your French experience enjoyable, practical, and truly useful!
verified badge
Hello, नमस्ते🙏, Namaste. I am Ritu.
🕉 You are at the right place if you want to know about "THE VEDAS, BHAJAN, UPANISHADS, BHAGAVAD GITA, MAHABHARATA, AND RAMAYANA."
📚Created an amazing method to teach and that is really easy to understand.
🕉 I have a deep knowledge of Indian Mythology, the Bhagavad Gita, and the Vedas. [I know the endless true stories of the Ramayana and Mahabharata by heart.] 🇮🇳
📖 Customise your course and make learning as fun as possible.

I have a lot of Hindu mythology and endless true stories.

See you soon ❤️
Extra information
🙏🏼 As you may or may not know! 🙏🏼
Hinduism, the world's oldest religion, However, during the 5th-6th centuries B.C.E.
verified badge
In these neuro-divergent times, the binary division of "one language or two" in bilinguals is perhaps due some contestation, which students are capable of providing. I have always found bilingual production models (and the ubiquitous Powerpoint slide) that university teachers provide a hindrance because of their lack of explicitness and discussion - they are just not relatable as presented nor do they provide much information or examples for monolingual students.

Code-switching, a by-product of bilingualism, is now a term that is even found in minority-ethnic neighbourhood grafitti ("can white people code-switch" a found example). Please note that this is a linguistic term, used for switching between two languages, and not between local or social varieties of English.

My personal position is that there is no such thing as bilingualism: there is always a language that suffers attrition, and one language that prevails, mostly because of its prestigious standing over the other language. On the other hand, a child exposed to more than one language cannot be truly monolingual.

For this course (very popular at universities around Europe both at undergraduate and postgraduate level) we shall go through the terms used to discuss bilingualism, in detail, and then discuss, with the help of published books and articles, who can be considered bilingual (or are we all, one other language lying dormant?). Can bilingualism be defined by the speaker, instead of the "community"? Can it be imposed by the State? Does a bilingual brain function in the same manner as a monolingual brain? These are research questions that emerge as dissertation or thesis topics both at undergraduate and postgraduate courses.
verified badge
Hello! I’m Yunus Emre, a Turkish language instructor working with students from many different countries around the world. I offer lessons that focus on speaking skills, supported by structured materials such as books and videos, helping you use the language correctly and naturally.

With more than 4 years of experience, I know that every learner has their own pace and goals. That’s why I tailor each lesson to your specific needs. For beginners, I provide clear and simple explanations; for advanced learners, we focus on fluency, vocabulary development, and improving expression in everyday situations.

We do more than just conversation practice; we also work on reading and listening skills through activities based on books and videos. This helps you strengthen your language ability in real-life contexts and professional environments.

During our lessons, we also talk about Turkish culture, lifestyle, and common expressions, making the learning process more enjoyable and meaningful. I always aim to create a supportive environment that encourages you to speak without fear of making mistakes.

Whether your goal is travel, work, daily communication, or improving your fluency, I would be happy to create a personalized learning plan for you. Together, we can develop your Turkish in a structured and enjoyable way.

I look forward to meeting you in our first lesson!
verified badge
Embark on a captivating exploration of the legal realm in my comprehensive law class. As a seasoned freelancer on Apprentus, I offer a unique learning experience that covers the intricacies of law, international law, and civil law. Dive into foundational principles, dissect international legal frameworks, and master the nuances of civil law. This class is designed for individuals eager to grasp the essentials of law, providing valuable insights and practical knowledge. Join me for an enlightening journey into the dynamic and fascinating world of jurisprudence.
I'm pursuing a Ph.D. I am a volunteer teacher in several associations, plus I supervise students in supervised work at the faculty. I am still funded by IRD for weekly seminars throughout the year on the law and protection of the marine environment.
I am a young consultant. Adept at translating complex legal issues into practical solutions, I have successfully navigated intricate legal landscapes to deliver favorable outcomes for clients and stakeholders. I was in an internship position at more than three firms of law in Morocco.
Course Highlights:

Foundations of Law:

Explore the fundamental principles that underpin legal systems.
Understand the basics of legal reasoning and analysis.
International Law Insights:

Delve into the complexities of international law.
Examine the role of international institutions and treaties.
Civil Law Mastery:

Navigate the nuances of civil law with a focus on private disputes.
Learn about contracts, torts, and property rights in civil law.
Interactive Learning:

Engage in thought-provoking discussions and case studies.
Participate in simulations to apply theoretical knowledge to real-world scenarios.
Tailored Approach:

Receive personalized attention and guidance to suit your learning style.
Benefit from a flexible curriculum that adapts to your needs and interests.
verified badge
This course is designed to help you understand and learn the Quran and the Islamic religion. Whether you are a beginner or already have basic knowledge, this course offers you a unique opportunity to deepen your understanding.

1. Understanding the Quran: We will begin with an introduction to the Quran, exploring its history, structure, and importance in Islam. You will learn how to recite the Quran with the correct pronunciation (Tajweed) and understand its deeper meaning (Tafsir).

2. Principles of the Islamic Religion: We will then explore the fundamental principles of Islam, including faith (Iman), practice (Ibadah), and the Islamic way of life (Sharia). We will also discuss the moral and ethical values ​​of Islam.

3. Discussion and Reflection: Each lesson will be followed by a discussion session where you can ask questions, share your thoughts, and deepen your understanding.

4. Interactive Learning: The course will include interactive activities, quizzes, and assignments to reinforce your learning.

This course is open to everyone, regardless of their level of knowledge of Islam. It provides a valuable opportunity to learn and understand the Quran and the Islamic religion in a respectful and open environment. We hope to see you soon in our course!
verified badge
Hi there,

日本語、ペラペラレッスン♫ Skype classes are available now!
Japanese Lessons from complete beginners to advanced!!

I’m an experienced Japanese/English teacher. I have had 5 years+ of experience in teaching at language schools to one-to-one, private tutoring.

・Travel Japanese (e.g. restaurant, sightseeing, shopping etc.)
・Speaking Japanese fluently(PeraPera!)* conversation-based
・Grammar / Writing correction

Lessons will be tailored to you and always for students.
It's not brain surgery. it's going to be a heap of fun!

I can travel to your house or you come to my place.
Also Skype lesson would be available.

Any further questions, please feel free to ask.
Thanks for reading and look forward to working with you.
レッスンでお会いできるのを楽しみにしてまーす♬

cheers

Ryo
verified badge
Hello everyone,
I have been a teacher since 2014. The Tunisian dialect is my mother tongue.
I am here to help those who like to learn Tunisian: vocabulary, pronunciation, listening-comprehension, conversation, reading,...
The courses are well prepared and focus on different themes. Learning tools are available to facilitate understanding.
I don't neglect my students' mistakes so that they can improve.
At the end of each session, detailed feedback will be provided.
If you are interested, please contact me.
verified badge
This class is for anyone interested in learning Bahasa Indonesia and getting to know more about daily life and traditions in Indonesia. I’ll share the language the way we use it in real conversations, along with cultural notes that make it more meaningful.

You don’t need to worry about being perfect—we can start from simple phrases and slowly build up together. Along the way, I’ll also share little stories, expressions, and cultural habits that I’ve grown up with.
verified badge
Academic Excellence in Social Sciences

In these sessions, we will transform your research ideas into a structured and high-quality academic work. Whether you are at the very beginning of your thesis or struggling with the final formatting, I provide tailored support according to your needs.

The process typically includes:

Foundation: Finalizing your research question and building a logical outline.

Research: Guiding you through effective literature search strategies in both Turkish and English databases.

Drafting: Reviewing your chapters for academic tone, coherence, and argumentative strength.

Technical Precision: Detailed guidance on citation styles (APA, MLA, OSCOLA, etc.) to ensure zero plagiarism and perfect formatting.

Legal Perspective: For law students, I offer specific insights into legal methodology and case law analysis.

Methodology: My approach is interactive. I don’t just provide feedback; I explain the "why" behind academic standards so you can develop your own scholarly writing skills. We can conduct our sessions in either Turkish or English, depending on your university's requirements.
verified badge
➤ A follower of the "message beneath the message", as Roland Barthes would say, the semiologist is above all a detective of language and helps you in this sense: he sees meaning, deciphers and carefully analyzes the signs that surround him to interpret their meaning, reports on the effects of meaning, the connotations and the implicit present in the communication. He starts from the surface signs visible to all to bring out the latent meanings. His interest is most often focused on the phenomena "on the margin", at first glance not very significant, which are located behind the scenes, rather than on stage. In short, all these elements not necessarily visible at first glance.

What applies to semiological analysis? Everything: Images, logos, websites, gestures, behaviors, words, speeches, symbols, spaces, in short everything that allows humanity to communicate. On the other hand, the semiological method cannot be invented since it is very specific. Like an iceberg, it is a question of going from superficial and visible signs to latent signs and meanings.

➤ A fascinating discipline, semiology and the analysis of gestures, behaviors and verbal & non-verbal language allows us to decipher the signs of our personal and professional daily lives. In a political speech, on an advertisement, or through our gestures in the professional and personal context, our words and behaviors, the narration of signs mark a certain relationship to the world.

➤ By learning to dissect the meaning of words and gestures, semiology allows us to take a particular look at the coherence of communication and its relevance (versus the opposite), to understand the details of our own speech, and then to make good use of it.

➤ Thus, from the semiological methodology (rigorous, specific, objectifying), verbal, graphic, symbolic and behavioral identities can emerge.

➤ Finally, semiology is neither a matter of philosophy (it only operates from one or more corpora, concrete materials to be analyzed) nor of psychology (it is less interested in intentions than in the signs produced). It is an analysis, a look at one's own communication and that of others which allows one to react better intuitively.

➤ This is why these sessions are intended to be above all practical: filmed exercises, analysis of images to be dissected and then implementation of techniques / tools / methodology which will help you in your daily life, to improve your verbal and non-verbal language but also to decipher and understand that of others.

➤ Among the content browsed:
1) identify and act on behaviors:
-transmission of acquired knowledge on non-verbal communication in order to quickly detect intentions
-immersive team-building mode to bring out helpful behaviors (despite the saboteurs)

2) Profiling - Diagnose and guide based on a written or visual corpus:
-build the storytelling
-bring out a type of profile
-understand insights

3) Brand Strategy - Create a new brand, company or personal positioning

4) Concrete techniques & a targeted methodology for:
✓Acquire practical tools to improve your rhetoric/repartee
✓Decode and use the practical communication tools of great leaders
✓Fundamentals (practices) of eloquence but also of oratorical art (intonation, gaze, gestures, elocution, range, emotions, pronunciation, development of one's own style of charisma, etc.) to ensure consistency between content and the form
✓Fundamentals of Body Language to support and not interfere with the speech while being convinced & convincing.
✓ Highlighting their speech & promoting their speaking to arouse interest, by building on their strengths.
✓Creation of a coherence between the message emitted & the message received in order to improve its speech and in fact, its professional/personal relations.
✓Management of Q&A sessions & external reactions during an intervention or an oral exchange.
✓Practical tools to put your interlocutor at ease and appear friendly/interested.
✓To succeed in a negotiation/mediation.
✓On the one hand, learning to say 'no' simply in three steps AND on the other hand, getting people to say 'yes'.
✓To turn sentences into positive AND constructive.
✓To manage conflicts (eg 'assertive' communication techniques, eg CNV techniques - Non Violent Communication).
✓To put NLP (neuro-linguistic programming) at the service of communication.
✓To adopt effective, simple, fair and engaging language.
✓To use sentences, turns of phrase & expressions allowing to be precise, simple, effective & challenging.
✓To manage your personal & professional relationships with, for example, the preparation of your ratings.
✓Make your hypersensitivity a strength to tame your abilities.
✓Listening proactively and expressing / conveying ideas / message clearly.
✓Avoid letting your emotions show and propose a constructive solution to problems, while drawing on your own relational skills.
✓Be better equipped to recognize and immediately remedy situations that weaken their authority and affect their ability to communicate effectively.
✓Enhance their potential for expression and creativity (often underestimated until now) and 'apparent' sociability
✓Develop not necessarily self-confidence, but the 'appearance' of self-confidence, refine one's listening to respond adequately, open up to the resources of the imagination, free oneself from the rational to then structure one's speech.
✓Relate their communication objectives (project, institution, values, ideas, demands, etc.) to the form of their expression.
✓Learn and put into practice persuasive communication techniques and better understand the perception that others have of oneself. In order to improve his skills of 'self-presentation' and conveyed image.
✓Practical techniques to foster the engagement of the other party.
✓Strengthen the structure of its communication and develop a convincing argument in order to sell its ideas and projects.
✓ Optimizing internal and external relationships are professional fundamentals so that the structure of sessions, business dialogue and mastery of change communication are valuable.
✓ Decode advertisements, logos and slogans, Understand the impact of images and symbols on our emotions, Analyze cultural trends across the media, Create your own visual messages with formidable efficiency
✓ Analysis of non-verbal communication:
- paralinguistic level: voice analysis, intonations, speech rate (...)
- proxemic level: analysis of the distance between bodies/individuals
- kinesic level: analysis of postures, gestures and facial expressions
- infralinguistic level: analysis of physiological changes (dilation of pupils, blushing, sweating, etc.)
- symbolic level: analysis of what adorns the body such as clothing, badges, tattoos (...)

➤ The semiologist or semiotician is led to specialize in certain universes, whether it is luxury, mass consumption or behavioral and body dynamics. His analyst side (linguist, semantician, semiologist, semiotician) and lecturer on the themes of negotiation and non-verbal communication will support your approach.

➤ So, discover the hidden secrets of signs if you are curious to understand the mechanisms behind advertisements, works of art, films or even social networks, if you want to learn to decipher hidden messages and analyze the signs that influence our thoughts and actions on a daily basis. As part of a fun and interactive learning experience, with concrete exercises for a captivating immersion.

➤ In short, in a context guided by the tools of semiology, the ability to speak in public is today an essential transversal skill to assert oneself, inform, negotiate and convince. However, to master the keys to successful public communication, it is necessary to strengthen the impact of one's own speeches: by structuring one's interventions and taking into account the circumstances and expectations of the audience; by making an impression through storytelling; by integrating the psychological and emotional factors of effective oral communication; by integrating emotions into the preparation of the message and arguments; by anticipating objections and delicate situations; by preparing and structuring an attractive and convincing presentation framework; by experimenting with the rules of improvisation; by adequately managing difficult situations (...).

➤ Whether your goal is personal or professional, speaking is a predominantly physical activity, relying on a body, a voice, a breath, a rhythm (diction), an emotion and above all techniques, tools, a method, a know-how, reflecting the involvement of the speaker in his speech, all guided by the principles of semiology and behavioral analysis.

➤ So, how do you listen and be listened to, convince and be impactful, challenge and make an impression, enhance your content, address your audience appropriately and optimize the quality and clarity of the exchange/message? It is precisely about going through, implementing and deploying practical and effective techniques of oral presentation, simple intervention or 'one to one` exchange, aimed at challenging your audience or interlocutor, taking care of the content as well as the form, all in a professional or personal setting. For this, there are verbal and non-verbal communication techniques, based on semiology.

➤ Thus, mastered, the practical method allows, through a set of simulations and scenarios based on your daily experience supporting pragmatic & concrete techniques, to improve self-confidence, assurance, ease by overcoming embarrassment and controlling emotion in public. But also to work on leadership & charisma, in a context where empathy and emotional intelligence are at the service of communication, all based on the founding principles of semiology.

➤ To master the keys to successful public communication, it is necessary to master certain practical aspects of semiology, to strengthen the impact of your speeches: by structuring your interventions and taking into account the circumstances and expectations of the audience; by making an impression through storytelling; by integrating the psychological and emotional factors of effective oral communication; by integrating emotions into the preparation of the message and arguments; by anticipating objections and delicate situations; by preparing and structuring an attractive and convincing presentation framework; by experimenting with the rules of improvisation; by adequately managing difficult situations (...).

➤ In short, each session combines techniques & practical exercises adapted to your daily situations (filmed with your agreement in order to be reviewed, commented on, decoded together live), so that you can apply them immediately, and from the 1st session.

🚀 Discover the Hidden Secrets of Signs. Dive into the fascinating world of semiology with our practical training! Are you curious to understand the mechanisms behind written or oral communication? Learn to decipher hidden messages and analyze the signs that influence our thoughts and actions on a daily basis, with fun and interactive learning: Beyond theory, you will participate in concrete exercises, case studies to master the art of communication. Join us for a captivating immersion in one of the most exciting fields of human sciences!

THE TRAINER
➤ With training from Grande Ecole post-preparatory classes & Ivy League university in the United States, our teacher trainer has specialized and has worked for more than 15 years in the field, in Europe and North America, in renowned international public and private establishments, regularly speaking in forums and conferences, and also offering personalized INDIVIDUAL support, with pedagogy and careful methodology as the watchwords.

➤ PLACE, TIMETABLE, PRICES
✓ Locations: Geneva-Lausanne-Fribourg-Zurich-Neuchâtel-Lugano-Basel-Neuchâtel-Berne-Lucerne-Brussels-Luxembourg-Paris-Lyon. But currently, these sessions continue to be offered by videoconference in the current context and in accordance with general demand which is almost unanimous on this subject.

✓ Indeed, apart from the classic advantages of videoconferencing (time saving related to travel & their unforeseen events, eco-responsibility, increased schedule flexibility, etc.), the quality of the session & the interaction remain identical. In addition, the entire exchange, notes and recommendations are immediately transcribed on the dedicated chat.

✓ To support us among ourselves & to be pleasant to you in this sustainable / particular period and in a spirit of solidarity, the fees are temporarily reduced and will not increase after the start of our sessions.

✓ Languages: French/English.

✓ The progress following these private sessions is perceptible from 1 to 2 sessions (*2024 study).

✓ As other people do regularly, you can also please your loved ones by offering gift vouchers available all year round.
verified badge
Colonial cities in Indonesia were shaped by political, economic, and cultural imperatives of empire. This course combines rigorous historical analysis with in-situ field learning, inviting international learners to experience colonial urban history through direct observation of city form, heritage architecture, and spatial organization.

Rather than abstract narratives or rote memorization, our approach treats cities as living texts. Students study how colonial authorities designed urban space for trade, governance, and control, and how these spatial logics endure in the modern city.

The class offers a hybrid blend of classroom discussion, archival interpretation, and guided urban walks in historically significant sites such as old town districts, port precincts, colonial administrative centers, and transportation infrastructure. Participants will explore heritage buildings, street patterns, canals, and rail alignments—observing how power was inscribed into the urban fabric.

Learning resources include historical maps, planning documents, photographs, and Dutch-language sources, combined with structured field observations to enhance analytical skills. Field sessions are designed not only to illustrate concepts discussed in class but to immerse students in the material realities of colonial urbanism.

By engaging with both documentary archives and urban environments, students will gain a deeper appreciation of how colonial spatial strategies were implemented and how their legacies shape contemporary Indonesian cities. This course is ideal for students, researchers, heritage professionals, and culturally curious travelers interested in urban history, architecture, and colonial studies.
message icon
Contact Gethyn
repeat students icon
1st lesson is backed
by our
Good-fit Instructor Guarantee
Similar classes
arrow icon previousarrow icon next
verified badge
Konnichiwa!こ ん に ち は!

Are you going to Japan? Do you like Mangas? The culture and the Japanese language attract you but you never dared to start?
On the contrary, you already have a good foundation and want to take the JLPT exam? Or maybe you have to speak Japanese at work?

My courses are adaptable according to your level and your objectives:
- Discovery of culture and language (great beginners and false beginners)
- Improvement to prepare JLPT 1-5 exams
- Professional needs

We can work writing and speaking, with a method (Japan Foundation) or any other desired medium.

Whatever your motivation and level, Maki Sensei is here to help! (^ O ^)
verified badge
Hello future students!! I'm Emiko. Below is a bit about myself;
- passed the Japanese language teaching competency test in 2003.
- have a master's degree in Japanese linguistics.
- have been teaching Japanese since 2005.
- experience in teaching:
- class lesson with over 20 students
- small group lesson
- private lesson
- all levels from beginner to advanced
- well-balanced all 4 skills lesson
- conversation lesson
- JLPT- preparatory(N5-N1) lesson

I love teaching Japanese and I also love to see people making progress.
I think the key to success in learning language is:
Step 1: clarify your purpose
Step 2: set achievable goal one by one
Step 3: continue studying
My job is to support you.

Please share your needs, goal, purpose or interests and I will plan lessons only for you. I do my best to make our lessons effective and meaningful!
verified badge
What are your goals?
Let's work together hand in hand to achieve them!

In my lessons...

📕🇯🇵 “Is textbook Japanese different from real Japanese?”
Sometimes it is! The textbook phrase “つまらないものですが” (“It's nothing special, but...”) is now outdated. Instead, ‘気に入ってくれるとうれしいです’ (“I'd be happy if you like it”) sounds more natural and leaves a better impression ☺️ You'll enjoy learning this kind of “real Japanese.”
🇯🇵🗾 How do you say “How are you?” in Japanese?
What should you say for casual greetings?
I'll gently explain cultural backgrounds and how to read emotions, making Japanese communication more enjoyable and understandable.
3 Create natural sentences with fun topics!
“Conjunctions are tough...” “Is this phrasing correct?”
When you feel that way, let's create sentences using fun themes!
“My Favorite Things” or “My Dreams”
With unique practice like this, you'll naturally pick up Japanese expressions.
4 Your Personal Feedback Notebook
During lessons, I'll correct the words you speak into natural, correct Japanese and write them in your notebook. Hiragana included if needed. Reading them aloud after lessons ensures you truly master usable Japanese.
I specialize in lessons that are “gentle, polite, fun, and bright.” Students often tell me, “I feel more confident!” and “I enjoy speaking now!” Let's level up your Japanese together using a learning style that suits you!
verified badge
🇫🇷 Speak French with Confidence — Travel | Business | Exams | Conversation 🇫🇷
✨ Do you want to learn French in a way that's fun, practical and focused on real communication? This is your place!
✨ I'm a qualified and experienced French teacher who will guide you step by step to speak confidently — whether you're preparing for a trip, an exam or just want to express yourself more fluently.

👋🏼 My name is Nouhaila, and I've helped many students unlock their potential in French with a communicative, positive and personalized approach.
💬 My lessons are all about real-life speaking — from day one, you'll be using the language naturally.

🧭 Choose your focus:
✈️ French for Travel
→ Learn to survive and thrive in any French-speaking country.
→ Practical phrases, cultural insights and listening skills.
→ Travel without fear — speak with ease!

💼 French for Business
→ Improve your professional communication in French.
→ Specialized vocabulary for meetings, presentations and emails.
→ Present yourself clearly and professionally.

🎓 Exam Preparation (DELF, DALF, IB...)
→ Targeted lessons to increase your score.
→ Practice tests, strategies and personalized feedback.
→ Reduce exam stress and feel prepared.

💬 Conversation Boost
→ Speak more confidently through engaging conversation topics.
→ Culture, daily life, news, travel, opinions — you choose!
→ Get live corrections and tips to sound more natural.

📚 Also available: General French (A1–C2)
Structured grammar and vocabulary combined with real communication in each lesson.

🎁 BONUS
The moment you book your first session, you'll get instant access to a private classroom filled with learning resources:
interactive tools, vocabulary lists, grammar tips, exercises, and fun extras to help you progress at your own pace.

✨ Let's make your French journey exciting, smooth and truly effective!

🇫🇷 Speak French with confidence! — Travel | Business | Exams | Conversation 🇫🇷
✨ Would you like to learn French in a practical, fun way that focuses on real communication? You've come to the right place!
✨ I'm an experienced and trained French teacher, here to help you express yourself fluently, whether you're traveling, working, or taking an exam.

👋🏼 My name is Nouhaila, and I have helped many students improve their French level thanks to a communicative, positive, and personalized approach.
💬 My classes start with speaking from day one — you'll learn to use the language naturally and effectively.

🧭 Choose your goal:
✈️ French for traveling
→ Learn useful phrases, everyday expressions, and cultural tips.
→ Get ready to enjoy your travels without language barriers.
→ Speak fluently and confidently anywhere in the French-speaking world!

💼 Business French
→ Improve your professional communication in French.
→ Specific vocabulary for meetings, presentations and emails.
→ Gain confidence and professional projection in international environments.

🎓 Exam preparation (DELF, DALF, IB...)
→ Classes focused on the exam content.
→ Strategies, drills, corrections and individual support.
→ Reduce stress and approach the exam with confidence.

💬 Conversation classes
→ Sessions focused on speaking fluently and naturally.
→ Topics like culture, current events, travel, opinions, society... you choose!
→ Live corrections and tips to sound more authentic.

📚 Also available: General French (levels A1–C2)
Structured lessons with grammar, vocabulary, and lots of communication practice.

🎁 SPECIAL BONUS
As soon as you book your first class, you'll have immediate access to a private classroom with all the resources you need:
Interactive tools, vocabulary lists, grammar explanations, exercises, and fun extras to help you progress at your own pace.

✨ Make your French experience enjoyable, practical, and truly useful!
verified badge
Hello, नमस्ते🙏, Namaste. I am Ritu.
🕉 You are at the right place if you want to know about "THE VEDAS, BHAJAN, UPANISHADS, BHAGAVAD GITA, MAHABHARATA, AND RAMAYANA."
📚Created an amazing method to teach and that is really easy to understand.
🕉 I have a deep knowledge of Indian Mythology, the Bhagavad Gita, and the Vedas. [I know the endless true stories of the Ramayana and Mahabharata by heart.] 🇮🇳
📖 Customise your course and make learning as fun as possible.

I have a lot of Hindu mythology and endless true stories.

See you soon ❤️
Extra information
🙏🏼 As you may or may not know! 🙏🏼
Hinduism, the world's oldest religion, However, during the 5th-6th centuries B.C.E.
verified badge
In these neuro-divergent times, the binary division of "one language or two" in bilinguals is perhaps due some contestation, which students are capable of providing. I have always found bilingual production models (and the ubiquitous Powerpoint slide) that university teachers provide a hindrance because of their lack of explicitness and discussion - they are just not relatable as presented nor do they provide much information or examples for monolingual students.

Code-switching, a by-product of bilingualism, is now a term that is even found in minority-ethnic neighbourhood grafitti ("can white people code-switch" a found example). Please note that this is a linguistic term, used for switching between two languages, and not between local or social varieties of English.

My personal position is that there is no such thing as bilingualism: there is always a language that suffers attrition, and one language that prevails, mostly because of its prestigious standing over the other language. On the other hand, a child exposed to more than one language cannot be truly monolingual.

For this course (very popular at universities around Europe both at undergraduate and postgraduate level) we shall go through the terms used to discuss bilingualism, in detail, and then discuss, with the help of published books and articles, who can be considered bilingual (or are we all, one other language lying dormant?). Can bilingualism be defined by the speaker, instead of the "community"? Can it be imposed by the State? Does a bilingual brain function in the same manner as a monolingual brain? These are research questions that emerge as dissertation or thesis topics both at undergraduate and postgraduate courses.
verified badge
Hello! I’m Yunus Emre, a Turkish language instructor working with students from many different countries around the world. I offer lessons that focus on speaking skills, supported by structured materials such as books and videos, helping you use the language correctly and naturally.

With more than 4 years of experience, I know that every learner has their own pace and goals. That’s why I tailor each lesson to your specific needs. For beginners, I provide clear and simple explanations; for advanced learners, we focus on fluency, vocabulary development, and improving expression in everyday situations.

We do more than just conversation practice; we also work on reading and listening skills through activities based on books and videos. This helps you strengthen your language ability in real-life contexts and professional environments.

During our lessons, we also talk about Turkish culture, lifestyle, and common expressions, making the learning process more enjoyable and meaningful. I always aim to create a supportive environment that encourages you to speak without fear of making mistakes.

Whether your goal is travel, work, daily communication, or improving your fluency, I would be happy to create a personalized learning plan for you. Together, we can develop your Turkish in a structured and enjoyable way.

I look forward to meeting you in our first lesson!
verified badge
Embark on a captivating exploration of the legal realm in my comprehensive law class. As a seasoned freelancer on Apprentus, I offer a unique learning experience that covers the intricacies of law, international law, and civil law. Dive into foundational principles, dissect international legal frameworks, and master the nuances of civil law. This class is designed for individuals eager to grasp the essentials of law, providing valuable insights and practical knowledge. Join me for an enlightening journey into the dynamic and fascinating world of jurisprudence.
I'm pursuing a Ph.D. I am a volunteer teacher in several associations, plus I supervise students in supervised work at the faculty. I am still funded by IRD for weekly seminars throughout the year on the law and protection of the marine environment.
I am a young consultant. Adept at translating complex legal issues into practical solutions, I have successfully navigated intricate legal landscapes to deliver favorable outcomes for clients and stakeholders. I was in an internship position at more than three firms of law in Morocco.
Course Highlights:

Foundations of Law:

Explore the fundamental principles that underpin legal systems.
Understand the basics of legal reasoning and analysis.
International Law Insights:

Delve into the complexities of international law.
Examine the role of international institutions and treaties.
Civil Law Mastery:

Navigate the nuances of civil law with a focus on private disputes.
Learn about contracts, torts, and property rights in civil law.
Interactive Learning:

Engage in thought-provoking discussions and case studies.
Participate in simulations to apply theoretical knowledge to real-world scenarios.
Tailored Approach:

Receive personalized attention and guidance to suit your learning style.
Benefit from a flexible curriculum that adapts to your needs and interests.
verified badge
This course is designed to help you understand and learn the Quran and the Islamic religion. Whether you are a beginner or already have basic knowledge, this course offers you a unique opportunity to deepen your understanding.

1. Understanding the Quran: We will begin with an introduction to the Quran, exploring its history, structure, and importance in Islam. You will learn how to recite the Quran with the correct pronunciation (Tajweed) and understand its deeper meaning (Tafsir).

2. Principles of the Islamic Religion: We will then explore the fundamental principles of Islam, including faith (Iman), practice (Ibadah), and the Islamic way of life (Sharia). We will also discuss the moral and ethical values ​​of Islam.

3. Discussion and Reflection: Each lesson will be followed by a discussion session where you can ask questions, share your thoughts, and deepen your understanding.

4. Interactive Learning: The course will include interactive activities, quizzes, and assignments to reinforce your learning.

This course is open to everyone, regardless of their level of knowledge of Islam. It provides a valuable opportunity to learn and understand the Quran and the Islamic religion in a respectful and open environment. We hope to see you soon in our course!
verified badge
Hi there,

日本語、ペラペラレッスン♫ Skype classes are available now!
Japanese Lessons from complete beginners to advanced!!

I’m an experienced Japanese/English teacher. I have had 5 years+ of experience in teaching at language schools to one-to-one, private tutoring.

・Travel Japanese (e.g. restaurant, sightseeing, shopping etc.)
・Speaking Japanese fluently(PeraPera!)* conversation-based
・Grammar / Writing correction

Lessons will be tailored to you and always for students.
It's not brain surgery. it's going to be a heap of fun!

I can travel to your house or you come to my place.
Also Skype lesson would be available.

Any further questions, please feel free to ask.
Thanks for reading and look forward to working with you.
レッスンでお会いできるのを楽しみにしてまーす♬

cheers

Ryo
verified badge
Hello everyone,
I have been a teacher since 2014. The Tunisian dialect is my mother tongue.
I am here to help those who like to learn Tunisian: vocabulary, pronunciation, listening-comprehension, conversation, reading,...
The courses are well prepared and focus on different themes. Learning tools are available to facilitate understanding.
I don't neglect my students' mistakes so that they can improve.
At the end of each session, detailed feedback will be provided.
If you are interested, please contact me.
verified badge
This class is for anyone interested in learning Bahasa Indonesia and getting to know more about daily life and traditions in Indonesia. I’ll share the language the way we use it in real conversations, along with cultural notes that make it more meaningful.

You don’t need to worry about being perfect—we can start from simple phrases and slowly build up together. Along the way, I’ll also share little stories, expressions, and cultural habits that I’ve grown up with.
verified badge
Academic Excellence in Social Sciences

In these sessions, we will transform your research ideas into a structured and high-quality academic work. Whether you are at the very beginning of your thesis or struggling with the final formatting, I provide tailored support according to your needs.

The process typically includes:

Foundation: Finalizing your research question and building a logical outline.

Research: Guiding you through effective literature search strategies in both Turkish and English databases.

Drafting: Reviewing your chapters for academic tone, coherence, and argumentative strength.

Technical Precision: Detailed guidance on citation styles (APA, MLA, OSCOLA, etc.) to ensure zero plagiarism and perfect formatting.

Legal Perspective: For law students, I offer specific insights into legal methodology and case law analysis.

Methodology: My approach is interactive. I don’t just provide feedback; I explain the "why" behind academic standards so you can develop your own scholarly writing skills. We can conduct our sessions in either Turkish or English, depending on your university's requirements.
verified badge
➤ A follower of the "message beneath the message", as Roland Barthes would say, the semiologist is above all a detective of language and helps you in this sense: he sees meaning, deciphers and carefully analyzes the signs that surround him to interpret their meaning, reports on the effects of meaning, the connotations and the implicit present in the communication. He starts from the surface signs visible to all to bring out the latent meanings. His interest is most often focused on the phenomena "on the margin", at first glance not very significant, which are located behind the scenes, rather than on stage. In short, all these elements not necessarily visible at first glance.

What applies to semiological analysis? Everything: Images, logos, websites, gestures, behaviors, words, speeches, symbols, spaces, in short everything that allows humanity to communicate. On the other hand, the semiological method cannot be invented since it is very specific. Like an iceberg, it is a question of going from superficial and visible signs to latent signs and meanings.

➤ A fascinating discipline, semiology and the analysis of gestures, behaviors and verbal & non-verbal language allows us to decipher the signs of our personal and professional daily lives. In a political speech, on an advertisement, or through our gestures in the professional and personal context, our words and behaviors, the narration of signs mark a certain relationship to the world.

➤ By learning to dissect the meaning of words and gestures, semiology allows us to take a particular look at the coherence of communication and its relevance (versus the opposite), to understand the details of our own speech, and then to make good use of it.

➤ Thus, from the semiological methodology (rigorous, specific, objectifying), verbal, graphic, symbolic and behavioral identities can emerge.

➤ Finally, semiology is neither a matter of philosophy (it only operates from one or more corpora, concrete materials to be analyzed) nor of psychology (it is less interested in intentions than in the signs produced). It is an analysis, a look at one's own communication and that of others which allows one to react better intuitively.

➤ This is why these sessions are intended to be above all practical: filmed exercises, analysis of images to be dissected and then implementation of techniques / tools / methodology which will help you in your daily life, to improve your verbal and non-verbal language but also to decipher and understand that of others.

➤ Among the content browsed:
1) identify and act on behaviors:
-transmission of acquired knowledge on non-verbal communication in order to quickly detect intentions
-immersive team-building mode to bring out helpful behaviors (despite the saboteurs)

2) Profiling - Diagnose and guide based on a written or visual corpus:
-build the storytelling
-bring out a type of profile
-understand insights

3) Brand Strategy - Create a new brand, company or personal positioning

4) Concrete techniques & a targeted methodology for:
✓Acquire practical tools to improve your rhetoric/repartee
✓Decode and use the practical communication tools of great leaders
✓Fundamentals (practices) of eloquence but also of oratorical art (intonation, gaze, gestures, elocution, range, emotions, pronunciation, development of one's own style of charisma, etc.) to ensure consistency between content and the form
✓Fundamentals of Body Language to support and not interfere with the speech while being convinced & convincing.
✓ Highlighting their speech & promoting their speaking to arouse interest, by building on their strengths.
✓Creation of a coherence between the message emitted & the message received in order to improve its speech and in fact, its professional/personal relations.
✓Management of Q&A sessions & external reactions during an intervention or an oral exchange.
✓Practical tools to put your interlocutor at ease and appear friendly/interested.
✓To succeed in a negotiation/mediation.
✓On the one hand, learning to say 'no' simply in three steps AND on the other hand, getting people to say 'yes'.
✓To turn sentences into positive AND constructive.
✓To manage conflicts (eg 'assertive' communication techniques, eg CNV techniques - Non Violent Communication).
✓To put NLP (neuro-linguistic programming) at the service of communication.
✓To adopt effective, simple, fair and engaging language.
✓To use sentences, turns of phrase & expressions allowing to be precise, simple, effective & challenging.
✓To manage your personal & professional relationships with, for example, the preparation of your ratings.
✓Make your hypersensitivity a strength to tame your abilities.
✓Listening proactively and expressing / conveying ideas / message clearly.
✓Avoid letting your emotions show and propose a constructive solution to problems, while drawing on your own relational skills.
✓Be better equipped to recognize and immediately remedy situations that weaken their authority and affect their ability to communicate effectively.
✓Enhance their potential for expression and creativity (often underestimated until now) and 'apparent' sociability
✓Develop not necessarily self-confidence, but the 'appearance' of self-confidence, refine one's listening to respond adequately, open up to the resources of the imagination, free oneself from the rational to then structure one's speech.
✓Relate their communication objectives (project, institution, values, ideas, demands, etc.) to the form of their expression.
✓Learn and put into practice persuasive communication techniques and better understand the perception that others have of oneself. In order to improve his skills of 'self-presentation' and conveyed image.
✓Practical techniques to foster the engagement of the other party.
✓Strengthen the structure of its communication and develop a convincing argument in order to sell its ideas and projects.
✓ Optimizing internal and external relationships are professional fundamentals so that the structure of sessions, business dialogue and mastery of change communication are valuable.
✓ Decode advertisements, logos and slogans, Understand the impact of images and symbols on our emotions, Analyze cultural trends across the media, Create your own visual messages with formidable efficiency
✓ Analysis of non-verbal communication:
- paralinguistic level: voice analysis, intonations, speech rate (...)
- proxemic level: analysis of the distance between bodies/individuals
- kinesic level: analysis of postures, gestures and facial expressions
- infralinguistic level: analysis of physiological changes (dilation of pupils, blushing, sweating, etc.)
- symbolic level: analysis of what adorns the body such as clothing, badges, tattoos (...)

➤ The semiologist or semiotician is led to specialize in certain universes, whether it is luxury, mass consumption or behavioral and body dynamics. His analyst side (linguist, semantician, semiologist, semiotician) and lecturer on the themes of negotiation and non-verbal communication will support your approach.

➤ So, discover the hidden secrets of signs if you are curious to understand the mechanisms behind advertisements, works of art, films or even social networks, if you want to learn to decipher hidden messages and analyze the signs that influence our thoughts and actions on a daily basis. As part of a fun and interactive learning experience, with concrete exercises for a captivating immersion.

➤ In short, in a context guided by the tools of semiology, the ability to speak in public is today an essential transversal skill to assert oneself, inform, negotiate and convince. However, to master the keys to successful public communication, it is necessary to strengthen the impact of one's own speeches: by structuring one's interventions and taking into account the circumstances and expectations of the audience; by making an impression through storytelling; by integrating the psychological and emotional factors of effective oral communication; by integrating emotions into the preparation of the message and arguments; by anticipating objections and delicate situations; by preparing and structuring an attractive and convincing presentation framework; by experimenting with the rules of improvisation; by adequately managing difficult situations (...).

➤ Whether your goal is personal or professional, speaking is a predominantly physical activity, relying on a body, a voice, a breath, a rhythm (diction), an emotion and above all techniques, tools, a method, a know-how, reflecting the involvement of the speaker in his speech, all guided by the principles of semiology and behavioral analysis.

➤ So, how do you listen and be listened to, convince and be impactful, challenge and make an impression, enhance your content, address your audience appropriately and optimize the quality and clarity of the exchange/message? It is precisely about going through, implementing and deploying practical and effective techniques of oral presentation, simple intervention or 'one to one` exchange, aimed at challenging your audience or interlocutor, taking care of the content as well as the form, all in a professional or personal setting. For this, there are verbal and non-verbal communication techniques, based on semiology.

➤ Thus, mastered, the practical method allows, through a set of simulations and scenarios based on your daily experience supporting pragmatic & concrete techniques, to improve self-confidence, assurance, ease by overcoming embarrassment and controlling emotion in public. But also to work on leadership & charisma, in a context where empathy and emotional intelligence are at the service of communication, all based on the founding principles of semiology.

➤ To master the keys to successful public communication, it is necessary to master certain practical aspects of semiology, to strengthen the impact of your speeches: by structuring your interventions and taking into account the circumstances and expectations of the audience; by making an impression through storytelling; by integrating the psychological and emotional factors of effective oral communication; by integrating emotions into the preparation of the message and arguments; by anticipating objections and delicate situations; by preparing and structuring an attractive and convincing presentation framework; by experimenting with the rules of improvisation; by adequately managing difficult situations (...).

➤ In short, each session combines techniques & practical exercises adapted to your daily situations (filmed with your agreement in order to be reviewed, commented on, decoded together live), so that you can apply them immediately, and from the 1st session.

🚀 Discover the Hidden Secrets of Signs. Dive into the fascinating world of semiology with our practical training! Are you curious to understand the mechanisms behind written or oral communication? Learn to decipher hidden messages and analyze the signs that influence our thoughts and actions on a daily basis, with fun and interactive learning: Beyond theory, you will participate in concrete exercises, case studies to master the art of communication. Join us for a captivating immersion in one of the most exciting fields of human sciences!

THE TRAINER
➤ With training from Grande Ecole post-preparatory classes & Ivy League university in the United States, our teacher trainer has specialized and has worked for more than 15 years in the field, in Europe and North America, in renowned international public and private establishments, regularly speaking in forums and conferences, and also offering personalized INDIVIDUAL support, with pedagogy and careful methodology as the watchwords.

➤ PLACE, TIMETABLE, PRICES
✓ Locations: Geneva-Lausanne-Fribourg-Zurich-Neuchâtel-Lugano-Basel-Neuchâtel-Berne-Lucerne-Brussels-Luxembourg-Paris-Lyon. But currently, these sessions continue to be offered by videoconference in the current context and in accordance with general demand which is almost unanimous on this subject.

✓ Indeed, apart from the classic advantages of videoconferencing (time saving related to travel & their unforeseen events, eco-responsibility, increased schedule flexibility, etc.), the quality of the session & the interaction remain identical. In addition, the entire exchange, notes and recommendations are immediately transcribed on the dedicated chat.

✓ To support us among ourselves & to be pleasant to you in this sustainable / particular period and in a spirit of solidarity, the fees are temporarily reduced and will not increase after the start of our sessions.

✓ Languages: French/English.

✓ The progress following these private sessions is perceptible from 1 to 2 sessions (*2024 study).

✓ As other people do regularly, you can also please your loved ones by offering gift vouchers available all year round.
verified badge
Colonial cities in Indonesia were shaped by political, economic, and cultural imperatives of empire. This course combines rigorous historical analysis with in-situ field learning, inviting international learners to experience colonial urban history through direct observation of city form, heritage architecture, and spatial organization.

Rather than abstract narratives or rote memorization, our approach treats cities as living texts. Students study how colonial authorities designed urban space for trade, governance, and control, and how these spatial logics endure in the modern city.

The class offers a hybrid blend of classroom discussion, archival interpretation, and guided urban walks in historically significant sites such as old town districts, port precincts, colonial administrative centers, and transportation infrastructure. Participants will explore heritage buildings, street patterns, canals, and rail alignments—observing how power was inscribed into the urban fabric.

Learning resources include historical maps, planning documents, photographs, and Dutch-language sources, combined with structured field observations to enhance analytical skills. Field sessions are designed not only to illustrate concepts discussed in class but to immerse students in the material realities of colonial urbanism.

By engaging with both documentary archives and urban environments, students will gain a deeper appreciation of how colonial spatial strategies were implemented and how their legacies shape contemporary Indonesian cities. This course is ideal for students, researchers, heritage professionals, and culturally curious travelers interested in urban history, architecture, and colonial studies.
Good-fit Instructor Guarantee
favorite button
message icon
Contact Gethyn