Bilingualism and Code-Switching: by popular demand

Von 92.7 € /Std

In these neuro-divergent times, the binary division of "one language or two" in bilinguals is perhaps due some contestation, which students are capable of providing. I have always found bilingual production models (and the ubiquitous Powerpoint slide) that university teachers provide a hindrance because of their lack of explicitness and discussion - they are just not relatable as presented nor do they provide much information or examples for monolingual students.

Code-switching, a by-product of bilingualism, is now a term that is even found in minority-ethnic neighbourhood grafitti ("can white people code-switch" a found example). Please note that this is a linguistic term, used for switching between two languages, and not between local or social varieties of English.

My personal position is that there is no such thing as bilingualism: there is always a language that suffers attrition, and one language that prevails, mostly because of its prestigious standing over the other language. On the other hand, a child exposed to more than one language cannot be truly monolingual.

For this course (very popular at universities around Europe both at undergraduate and postgraduate level) we shall go through the terms used to discuss bilingualism, in detail, and then discuss, with the help of published books and articles, who can be considered bilingual (or are we all, one other language lying dormant?). Can bilingualism be defined by the speaker, instead of the "community"? Can it be imposed by the State? Does a bilingual brain function in the same manner as a monolingual brain? These are research questions that emerge as dissertation or thesis topics both at undergraduate and postgraduate courses.

Zusätzliche Informationen

Linguistics and A level students with access to their college library or online resources or departmental intranet with assigned course material.

Ort

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Beim Schüler zu Hause :

In der Umgebung von London, Vereinigtes Königreich

Online aus Vereinigtes Königreich

Über mich

I have been working as an independent tutor since 2005, for Linguistics and Modern Foreign Languages (Spanish, French and Italian).

The courses showcased on Apprentus can be tailor-made (adapted) to your personal needs.

Please note that I tutor one-to-one, and not in pairs or groups.

I tutor mainly students in London, both secondary and university level, having been engaged by top London tutorial agencies in the course of my professional life as a tutor. My main cohort of students come from private schools in London and the home counties. None of my students has ever failed to be accepted by the university of their choice, and all of my 13 plus or 16 plus students have also passed their highly selective entrance exams (French, Spanish and Latin for the 13 plus entrance). I am aware that tutoring involves a different set of skills but I also have experience of group teaching and observation undertaken at different stages of my professional life. I have carried out short teaching assignments before, namely for ENSSIB in Lyon (two sessions of four weeks and one week courses) for the masters in library management in 2004 for two groups of around 30 students (English) and at Queen Mary University of London (evening revision class for A level French, in the Widening Participation Programme, 2007).

I have taught all ages and levels, as well as multi-level classes (as it was the case at the higher education establishments in France and Poland). While there is expected homogeneity in a regular class, I respect the individuality of each student and adapt to their needs, ranging from their first exam preparation for 11+ or 13+ (mainly French and Latin) to students needing help at university with their degree language modules, in particular when linguistics is involved (as students have less contact time with university teachers than they might need or wish). In addition, I taught EFL classes of average 20 students both in Buenos Aires (1980-1981), Oxford and Reading (1982-1988) and at UCL as a subject librarian (Romance Languages) I carried out staff and student training in IT skills and information literacy. I have a good selection of educational materials and visual prompts from cultural centres (Spain and South American countries) to help students with their literature and cultural essays. My ambition is to inspire students not only to succeed but to want to take their Spanish knowledge and skills to the next academic level and excel as scholars at university or in their chosen profession.

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I have a BA from Reading University in Linguistic Science (2:1) and from UCL, an MPhil in Linguistics (Romance languages syntax) as well as an MA in Electronic Communication and Publishing. While I was working at UCL Institute of Education, I completed a Postgraduate Diploma in Higher and Professional Education. I am now a Research Associate at King's College London in the Department of Spanish, Portuguese and Latin American Studies, where I do research for bibliographies.

In addition, I have received scholarships from ARELS/British Council (1981), I completed my year abroad at Aix en Provence (as a regular student within my Reading degree, 1987-1988) and was a postgraduate exchange student at the Freie Univ. Berlin, 1992. I have worked in Buenos Aires, France (Paris, Lyon). Poland (Bielsko Biala), and carried out a project for libraries in New York (2006) and attended (on a scholarship) a summer school at ELTE, Budapest (2006).

Erfahrung / Qualifikationen

Spanish, French and Linguistics tutor. Typical tasks involve intensive revision tutorials in exam periods (Easter revision in particular) as well as year-long support for regular students. Most of my GCSE students have progressed to A level study of Spanish and French. Tuition for the typical tutee means that they are able to improve their grades, which is crucial for university entrance (usually those Bs must be turned into As for Russell Group universities). I also coach and tutor for Common Entrance and own school’s entrance exams, both at 13 plus and 16 entry points. None of my students have ever failed to get into the school of their choice at these two levels.

iI have tutored children in top private schools, Eton, Harrow and Winchester in particular, which has been intellectually rewarding and inspiring. For the lesser gifted, I have based the lessons on carefully graded advancement, in order not to discourage the student and create confidence in their abilities. Tutees return to me for their university support, as they are likely to be inspired to continue with their languages in Higher Education.

Alter

Erwachsene (18-64 Jahre alt)

Seniorinnen und Senioren (65+ Jahre alt)

Unterrichtsniveau

Anfänger

Mittel

Fortgeschritten

Dauer

60 Minuten

Unterrichtet in

Spanisch

Französisch

Englisch

Latein

Italienisch

Fachkenntnisse

Grammatik

Soziologie

Kinder-entwicklung

Verfügbarkeit einer typischen Woche

(GMT -05:00)

New York

Online via Webcam

Beim Schüler zu Hause

Mon

Tue

Wed

Thu

Fri

Sat

Sun

00-04

04-08

08-12

12-16

16-20

20-24

Help with Modern Languages dissertations (English, French, Spanish) including Linguistics (Theory and Applied)

92.7 € /Std

In this course, you will learn a range of linguistic methods and learn the terms used for describing a specific aspect of language or phenomenon (lexis, morphemes, and 'telegraphic stage' to give a few examples). The course requires you to explore your own data using quantitative and qualitative analysis (eg: how frequently are slang phrases used? Are there new auxiliaries being created?). No historical linguistics or literature is involved, but language change or specific traits will be sampled via your own data collection (if this is what is demanded in your course).

As many students need to present a "year abroad" dissertation at University level (3rd year in the UK of a Modern Languages or Linguistics Undergraduate course) I can help you to research and structure your year abroad work, both in English (Linguistics) and Romance languages (French, Italian, Spanish). The topics that have arisen from recent discussions with students relate to French Caribbean writing, Italian resistance and reprisals in Rome (Fosse Ardiatine), and Spanish Etica franquista in films (among others).

Latin for Beginners: prep for entrance exams at 13+

85.57 € /Std

In this Latin course, I offer "Common Entrance at 13+" training (including scholarship papers) for those students who have studied Latin for one or two years, and would like to revise, do translations and read from fun books such as Minimus or So you really want to learn Latin. Plenty of cultural stories and mythology in the mix, besides battles and august men. A basic understanding of grammar (or willingness to learn) expected. Ideally, students ought to be doing Latin at school and preferably have a second language (a Romance language ideal for securing a higher grade).

Kevin

5.0

(24)

I offer you a new learning experience.

The focus is on practical application and theory is only introduced where intuition reaches its limits.

Whether you are a beginner or an advanced learner, my tailor-made lessons will accelerate your language acquisition in a positive learning environment.

You can book a complete course with regular sessions or individual lessons to overcome a specific problem, such as pronunciation or a particular point in grammar.

Learning a foreign language is not a linear process that consists of memorising a list of words, and speaking a foreign language is not an oral translation exercise.

There are two types of approaches to acquiring knowledge:

When asked what year follows 1999, you can immediately answer 2000 without having to think for a long time and, above all, without having memorised each number individually, starting with 1, 2, 3 ... You know that numbers are formed according to a certain pattern. With only ten digits, you can form an infinite number of numbers and always know which number comes next.

When it comes to the alphabet, words and sentences, it's more or less the same, but school pedagogy, school textbooks and regular lessons still follow the rote learning approach. In the lessons I propose, you will learn to use patterns because this is more efficient and faster.

Learning is easy, but unlearning bad habits is extremely difficult. This makes it all the more important to learn the right reflexes as early as possible.

My offer is aimed at both young people and adults who want to learn German or improve their knowledge without wasting time on nonsensical school methods.

I offer individual or group lessons for German. The methods are based on cognitive science and, in particular, comparative linguistics. My flexible programme can be tailored to your individual needs. The programme focuses on your independence in spontaneous conversations in real life.

What is particularly important to me:

motivating my students and help them establish a learning rhythm;
encouraging their creativity;
helping them become more familiar with the language;
teaching them the letters and their sounds;
strengthening their memory by training their phonological loop;
teaching sentence building plans instead of memorising sentences;
explaining how language works so that my students can become independent as quickly as possible.

I look forward to meeting you.

Jennifer

5.0

(24)

Tuition:
I offer exam-focussed German tuition for GCSE and A-Level students, as well as tuition for students completing their bachelor degrees and anyone looking to expand their skillset by learning German.

Seeing students grow in confidence as they achieve their goals is my motivation in tutoring. Part of this process involves tailoring the learning methods to the individual's strengths and needs. For instance, a dyslexic German learner will benefit greatly from the use of spoken and visual aids.

About me:
I started learning German in secondary school and went on to study Art History in German Literature in German at the Humboldt-University in Berlin, receiving a first class degree. For four years I lived, studied and worked in Germany, meaning that my vocabulary covers many mundane everyday situations, as well as academic study of art and literature.

I also offer tuition through Skype.

Amandine

5.0

(24)

French is a beautiful and useful language, whether you enjoy the literature and music, need to learn it for work or for school, for fun or for an exam.
Whatever your goal is, we will talk about it together and I will customise the classes to your wishes and needs. I have worked with people of all ages and abilities, from toddlers to retirees, and I will make sure the lesson fits your criteria. I can help you prepare for university, take GCSE or A levels, get you ready for your holiday in France, help you with homework, boost your speaking and writing skills, prepare you for business meetings, get you closer to bilingualism... And more!
I was born and raised in France and moved to England a few years ago for my degree in art history. I am in love with France, its culture and language, and I look forward to sharing it all with you!

Alessandra

5.0

(24)

I specialize in tutoring kids at Primary School Level in Maths and English.

I make learning fun whilst I am setting milestones so that both kids and parents can verify progress.

I am structured in the sense that each class will be prepared prior to the start and will have an intro where objectives are set, we will then follow those objectives and there will then be a recap at the end of the lesson.

Beril

5.0

(24)

I yearn for teaching with young and older learners as well in order to provide them professional knowledge as much as possible. The lesson would include many activities in order to keep it interesting and motivating.
The class will contain many various learning procedures.

Hannah

5.0

(24)

I am offering private German conversation, structured beginner, advanced or business courses. As an academic German native speaker having studied Business Administration and worked for ten years in Financial, Operations and Human Resources Management I would love to take your German to the next level.

Tabea

5.0

(24)

Experienced tutor with outstanding language level, very rich vocabulary, deep grammar knowledge, excellent pronunciation and deep understanding about the relevant culture.
Certificates: Spanisch (Cervantes C1, OLS C2), English (Ielts C1, OLS C2), German (native language: C2), French (Bachelor's conducted at Université de Lorraine: C2)

I have been teaching French (A1-C1), Spanish (A1-C1) German (A1-C1), English (A1-C1) and Italian (A1-A2) for GCSE level and beyond to people from different countries for several years during my studies.

Depending on your level, I provide personalised lessons that suit your grammar knowledge and extent to which you can express yourself. Concersation is key for me when learning a language and instead of purely focussing on grammar, I incorporate aquired words or gramatical phrases in a conversation with the student.

Ilia

5.0

(24)

Hi All,
thank you for checking out my course.

This class is open to students of all levels. Whether you are only starting to learn the wild-looking letters of the Cyrillic alphabet, or whether you are looking to practise your written and spoken Russian, I would be delighted to accompany you at any stage of your Russian-learning journey. For more advanced students, I would be happy to help you get to know one of the most defining aspects of the Russian language, namely its novels and poetry, which would be a great way to learn about the 'mysterious' Russian soul.

I believe that studying in three different countries have allowed me to try out and assess various approaches to education in general and teaching languages in particular - from the rigourous Russian system based on ensuring that the students will obtain exceptional spelling, grammar, syntax and punctuation skills, to the more relaxed yet more critical and analytical Western approach, focused on problem-solving and independent work.

You will get the benefit of a vast bank of techniques, methods and learning materials that I have developed and accumulated over the past year will be used in class to pique and maintain your interest. And since I was once a language student too, I would be able to share my personal tips and tricks with you to help you reach whatever goal you have set for yourself - be it being able to wow your friends and family by reciting a poem in the language of Dostoyevski, or impressing your future collegues with the thorough knowledge of Russian current affairs in their mother tongue!

Stefani

5.0

(24)

For all enthusiasts who want to learn German!
This class will build your basis and the focus will be on grammar and vocabulary. I will develop engaging lesson plans which will explore different aspects of the German culture, including German art, history, geography and culture. This way you will not only expand your vocabulary and grammar knowledge but also get to know German culture better. We will also do speaking and practice pronunciation. The difficulty of the class will depend on your level. Depending on your interest we will focus on the aspect(s) you want to develop and practice more.

Maria

5.0

(24)

Quality German lessons adapted individually to each student, their skill level and their goals.
My courses are effective because I focus on you and your goals.
Do you wish to practice speaking German? As a native speaker we can talk for hours about different subjects, helping your German become better and better over time.
Do you need help with writing German? I can help you! Having grown up in Germany for the first 18 years of my life, I am completely fluent in writing on any level you might need, from beginners to professional.
Do you need help understanding German? I will patiently explain everything to you and we will practise together.

Maxime

5.0

(24)

German is a complex language with difficult grammar and pronunciation. Because it’s my first language, I am confident that I can help the students to improve their grades as best as possible. I test vocabularies regularly and try to make the grammar understandable on the basis of exercises.

Social studies as well as science of education persist both of many theories and philosophy. Sometimes it is hard to understand these theories or to memorise them for an upcoming test. I want to make the theories more practical to the student by using examples to explain them. I’d test them regularly by asking for the most relevant facts.

Moreover math is also quite difficult for some students to understand. I already gave math tutor classes for students and it’s very helpful to just make as many exercises and examples as possible and in doing so explaining problems and raising questions.

Test preparation is a special field of education which isn’t really taught in school, although it’s very important for the students to know. It is all about motivation and finding the best method how to learn. Besides, time management and organisation as well as still having time for leisure activities is crucial. I figure this out together with the students preferences and personalities to get the most out of the test prep time.

Federico

5.0

(24)

I am a native Italian speaker and have more than two years of experience teaching Italian as a foreign language to English-speaking students. My path to becoming an Italian teacher began with a Bachelor's degree in Translation Studies for the German and English languages. I then completed a Master's degree in Teaching Italian as a Foreign Language at University of Bologna. Moreover, my passion for teaching the language and culture of my country led me to a second Master's degree in e-learning for teaching Italian to foreigners at University for Foreigners in Siena.

My teaching method is entirely based on the needs of the student. For those who mainly want to improve their oral expression skills, the lesson focuses a lot on conversation. In this way, grammar does not remain dry theory, but is applied again and again as you speak. Vocabulary will also come to you more quickly with practice. According to new didactic research, effective learning is closely linked to the experience of fun and ease and the lessons are designed accordingly.

Sana

5.0

(24)

With 7 years of experience teaching German as a foreign language, I've successfully instructed over 500 students ranging from age 7 to adults. My dynamic teaching methods incorporate multimedia, books, worksheets, and live role-play activities to create an engaging and immersive learning environment. Whether you're a beginner or looking to refine your skills, my classes are designed to meet diverse learning needs and help you achieve fluency. Join my classes for a comprehensive and interactive approach to mastering German.

Fabian

5.0

(24)

German Tutoring:

In our German tutoring classes, you will learn the fundamentals of the German language, including vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, and sentence structure. We will focus on improving your reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills through interactive lessons and practice exercises. Whether you are a beginner or looking to advance your proficiency, our classes will cater to your individual learning goals and pace. Join us to immerse yourself in the German language and culture!